Record-breaking snow this year could be a boon for tree health, says Alison Morrison, manager of horticulture at the University of Guelph Arboretum.

“Snow provides insulation for plants and soil as it helps regulate the temperature below it,” says Morrison, an Ontario Agricultural College (OAC) trained horticulturist and certified arborist, who explains snow is an often-overlooked partner in tree resilience.

“By insulating the ground, snow prevents the soil from freezing too deeply and shields tree roots from extreme cold and exposure,” she says. “It can also act as a natural barrier against winter winds, helping to prevent desiccation (drying out) of tree branches and needles.” 

She adds, “Many of the trees in our forests and planted landscapes are adapted to handle much colder than this.”

More importantly, snow is a future water source, percolating into the soil as it melts and fueling the tree for bud development. Snow also plays a key role in reducing the activity of harmful pests that could otherwise threaten tree health come spring.

But the winter conditions have to be right, Morrison notes. Trees are best suited to winters with steady cold temperatures and consistent snow cover, keeping them well-protected and hydrated and building their resilience for the year. 

“Fluctuating freeze-thaw cycles can stress trees, damaging their bark and roots,” she explains. “A consistent cold keeps trees dormant and safe from premature budding, which could be ruined by a late frost.”

Why winter’s the best time to learn about trees

Winter offers unique opportunities to focus on details otherwise hidden during other seasons.

“Without leaves, the structure of trees is much more visible,” says Morrison. “You can study their branches, buds and bark, which are key for identifying species.”

The Arboretum hosts workshops and guided walks during the winter months, teaching participants how to identify trees and understand their dormant state.

To learn more, visit the Arboretum’s education and events page for upcoming workshops on winter tree identification.

Morrison is available for interviews.

Contact:

Alison Morrison
amorri37@uoguelph.ca

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